ニホン ニオケル ホウゲン ケンキュウ ノ ドウコウ ト テンボウ

In a recent study in Japan for the main flow of dialect study examined. Nationwide dialect vocabulary and grammar based on research from university laboratories has been a very active research. In the years 2005-2010 more than 200 papers and books have been published. Linguistic-geography, social dialects, with precision and cultural studies， history，and with adjacent fields of collaborative research and remarkable progress is being made. Discourse grammar of dialects and languages， especially for cartographic research has progressed. Distribution of the Sino Asia to understand the dialect of the diffusion process to extend the scope of the viscosity is noticeable. Sino's foray letters p，t，k for the corresponding study of geographical distribution, dialectology study will be an opportunity to extend the deduction

A Bibliometric Review of Large Language Models Research from 2017 to 2023

Large language models (LLMs) are a class of language models that have demonstrated outstanding performance across a range of natural language processing (NLP) tasks and have become a highly sought-after research area, because of their ability to generate human-like language and their potential to revolutionize science and technology. In this study, we conduct bibliometric and discourse analyses of scholarly literature on LLMs. Synthesizing over 5,000 publications, this paper serves as a roadmap for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers to navigate the current landscape of LLMs research. We present the research trends from 2017 to early 2023, identifying patterns in research paradigms and collaborations. We start with analyzing the core algorithm developments and NLP tasks that are fundamental in LLMs research. We then investigate the applications of LLMs in various fields and domains including medicine, engineering, social science, and humanities. Our review also reveals the dynamic, fast-paced evolution of LLMs research. Overall, this paper offers valuable insights into the current state, impact, and potential of LLMs research and its applications.Comment: 36 pages, 9 figures, and 4 table

SAGE is far more sensitive than EST for detecting low-abundance transcripts

BACKGROUND: Isolation of low-abundance transcripts expressed in a genome remains a serious challenge in transcriptome studies. The sensitivity of the methods used for analysis has a direct impact on the efficiency of the detection. We compared the EST method and the SAGE method to determine which one is more sensitive and to what extent the sensitivity is great for the detection of low-abundance transcripts. RESULTS: Using the same low-abundance transcripts detected by both methods as the targeted sequences, we observed that the SAGE method is 26 times more sensitive than the EST method for the detection of low-abundance transcripts. CONCLUSIONS: The SAGE method is more efficient than the EST method in detecting the low-abundance transcripts

Concept for Temperature-Cascade Hydrogen Release from Organic Liquid Carriers Coupled with SOFC Power Generation

For a sustainable hydrogen economy, large-scale transportation and storage of hydrogen becomes increasingly important. Typically, hydrogen is compressed or liquified, but both processes are energy intensive. Liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHCs) present a potential solution for mitigating these challenges while making use of the existing fossil fuel transportation infrastructure. Here, we present a process intensification strategy for improved LOHC dehydrogenation and an example of clean power generation using solid oxide fuel cells. Four LOHC candidates???ammonia, biphenyl-diphenylmethane eutectic mixture, N-phenylcarbazole, and N-ethylcarbazole???have been compared as stand-alone and integrated systems using comprehensive process simulation. ???Temperature cascade??? dehydrogenation was shown to increase the energy generated per unit mass (kWh/kg LOHC) by 1.3???2 times in an integrated system compared to stand-alone LOHC systems, thus providing a possibility for a positive impact on a LOHC-based hydrogen supply chain. ?? 2020 The Author(s)Liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHCs) are a potentially safer alternative to conventional hydrogen storage processes. Here, Brigljevi?? et al. select four similar LOHC compounds and exploit differences in their physical chemistry, presenting the concept of a temperature-cascading process for a more energy-efficient dehydrogenation. ?? 2020 The Author(s

2.45GHz radiofrequency fields alter gene expression in cultured human cells

AbstractThe biological effect of radiofrequency (RF) fields remains controversial. We address this issue by examining whether RF fields can cause changes in gene expression. We used the pulsed RF fields at a frequency of 2.45GHz that is commonly used in telecommunication to expose cultured human HL-60 cells. We used the serial analysis of gene expression (SAGE) method to measure the RF effect on gene expression at the genome level. We observed that 221 genes altered their expression after a 2-h exposure. The number of affected genes increased to 759 after a 6-h exposure. Functional classification of the affected genes reveals that apoptosis-related genes were among the upregulated ones and the cell cycle genes among the downregulated ones. We observed no significant increase in the expression of heat shock genes. These results indicate that the RF fields at 2.45GHz can alter gene expression in cultured human cells through non-thermal mechanism

Introduction of Transmembrane Inner Ear (tmie) Gene Can Recover the Hearing Impairment and Abnormal Behavior in the Circling Mouse

The spontaneous mutant circling mouse (cir/cir) shows a circling behavior and hearing loss. We produced transgenic mice overexpressing the causative gene, transmembrane inner ear (tmie), for the phenotypic rescue of the circling mouse. Through the continuous breeding with circling mice, the cir/cir homozygous mice carrying the transgene (cir/cir-tg) were produced. The rescued cir/cir -tg mice were able to swim in the water with proper orientation and did not show any circling behavior like wild type mice. Western blot and immunohistochemical analysis exhibited that the transgenic tmie was expressed in the inner ear. Inner and outer hair cells were recovered in the cochlea and spiral ganglion neurons were also recovered in the rescued mice. Auditory brainstem response (ABR) test demonstrated that the cir/cir -tg mice are able to respond to sound. This study demonstrates that tmie transgene can recover the hearing impairment and abnormal behavior in the circling mouse

JAZF1 heterozygous knockout mice show altered adipose development and metabolism

Background: Juxtaposed with another zinc finger protein 1 (JAZF1) is associated with metabolic disorders, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Several studies showed that JAZF1 and body fat mass are closely related. We attempted to elucidate the JAZF1 functions on adipose development and related metabolism using in vitro and in vivo models. Results: The JAZF1 expression was precisely regulated during adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocyte and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). Homozygous JAZF1 deletion (JAZF1-KO) resulted in impaired adipocyte differentiation in MEF. The JAZF1 role in adipocyte differentiation was demonstrated by the regulation of PPARγ—a key regulator of adipocyte differentiation. Heterozygous JAZF1 deletion (JAZF1-Het) mice fed a normal diet (ND) or a high-fat diet (HFD) had less adipose tissue mass and impaired glucose homeostasis than the control (JAZF1-Cont) mice. However, other metabolic organs, such as brown adipose tissue and liver, were negligible effect on JAZF1 deficiency. Conclusion: Our findings emphasized the JAZF1 role in adipocyte differentiation and related metabolism through the heterozygous knockout mice. This study provides new insights into the JAZF1 function in adipose development and metabolism, informing strategies for treating obesity and related metabolic disorders. © 2021, The Author(s).1

Mapas lingüísticos y procesamiento de datos dialectales

The present study explores the major accomplishments made thus far with special consideration of  the path of development linguistic map making has taken hitherto in Korea and Japan. The purpose of  creating linguistic maps is  to identify linguistic boundaries, either big or small, and assign systematic  meanings as well as determine the relationship between spatial distribution and change by time. The  linguistic maps should be understood in their broader concept that shows the  various geographic  information related to linguistic branches within a particular geographic area as well as relevant trends  and aspects in linguistic branches on not only paper but also online screens and images. This study  classifies linguistic maps into  manual method maps and computerized maps, for which the time of  computerization has been identified as a standard for classification, and explores their types focusing on  those demonstrating high performance in presentation techniques.El presente estudio explora los principales logros alcanzados hasta el momento, con especial  atención en  el desarrollo que los mapas lingüísticos han tenido hasta ahora en Corea y en Japón.  El  objetivo de la creación de mapas lingüísticos es identificar las fronteras lingüísticas, ya sean grandes o  pequeñas , y  asignar significados sistemáticos, así como determinar la relación entre la distribución espacial  y el cambio  temporal . Los mapas lingüísticos deben ser entendidos en su concepto más amplio,  ya que muestran,  no sólo en papel, sino también  en  pantallas y  en imágenes en línea,  información  geográfica  diversa  relacionada con distintas ramas  de la lingüística en una área geográfica particular,  y  también las tendencias  y  aspectos lingüísticos  relevantes . Este estudio clasifica los mapas lingüísticos en  mapas de métodos manuales y mapas  informatizados , para los que el tiempo de la informatización se ha  identificado como un estándar para la clasificación, y explora sus  tipologías centrándose en los que  demuestran un alto rendimiento en las técnicas de presentación

Enhanced Detection Systems of Filling Rates Using Carbon Nanotube Cement Grout

The addition of small amounts of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to cement-based materials modifies their thermal and electrical characteristics. This study investigated the void detection and filling rates of cement grout with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). MWCNT grouts of 40 mm × 40 mm × 160 mm were fabricated. Specimens were tested by thermal imaging, electrical resistance analyses, and magnetic field tests. The experimental parameters were the concentration of MWCNT and the grout filling rate. The filling rate was investigated by measuring resistance and magnetic field changes with respect to cross-sectional area, taking the voids into consideration. The results of the thermal image tests indicate that 1.0 wt % MWCNT cement grout is optimal for void detection